Flat piece of base, apparatus for its production and reinforced container produced with said flat pi

专利摘要:
Flat piece of base, apparatus for its production and reinforced container produced with said flat piece. The flat part composed of base (50) comprises a base panel (1) of polygonal shape with second alternate base edges (1b) interspersed between first alternate base edges (1a), secondary wall panels (2) which extend from the second alternate base edges (1b), and wall panels (3) extending from the first alternate base edges (1a). The wall panels and secondary wall panels (2, 3) are included in respective flat wall pieces and secondary wall flat pieces (12, 13). The base panel (1) is included in a flat base part (11) attached to the flat wall parts and to the secondary wall flat parts (12, 13) by adhesive by means of fixing flaps, or the base panel (1) is formed by fixing flaps included in the flat wall pieces and in the secondary wall flat parts (12, 13), superimposed and joined by adhesive. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
公开号:ES2653920A1
申请号:ES201600665
申请日:2016-08-09
公开日:2018-02-09
发明作者:Telesforo González Olmos
申请人:Telesforo Gonzalez Maquinaria SL；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

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DESCRIPTION
FLAT BASE PIECE, APPARATUS FOR PRODUCTION AND REINFORCED CONTAINER PRODUCED WITH SUCH FLAT PIECE
Technical field
The present invention concerns a flat piece composed of a base formed by a plurality of flat pieces, preferably made of corrugated cardboard or corrugated plastic, bonded together by adhesive. The base composite flat part of the present invention is configured to, in cooperation with other elements, form reinforced high strength containers provided with a polygonal cross section with an even number of sides, for example octagonal, hexagonal or rectangular.
The present invention also concerns an apparatus for the production of such flat composite base pieces.
Background of the invention
Document ES1143184U discloses a base or cover provided to form a tubular container of polygonal contour in cooperation with a tubular body. The base or lid is made from the folding and joining of different elements of a simple flat piece of corrugated cardboard. This simple flat piece of corrugated cardboard comprises a base panel in the form of a polygon with an even number of sides including alternate second base edges interspersed between first alternate base edges, a plurality of secondary wall panels that are they extend from the second alternate base edges of the base panel, and a plurality of wall panels extending from the first alternate base edges of the base panel. The secondary wall panels and wall panels are bent at right angles to the base panel and are joined together by means of flaps and adhesive to form the cover or base, which is intended to be coupled to a tubular body forming a container.
Document US2014073497A1 describes a machine for the erection of containers by expanding a tubular body, and the subsequent addition of a base with flaps that adhere around one of the mouths of the tubular body by bending and pressing it against the lower part of the body tubular adjacent to its lower mouth. In this solution the aforementioned flaps have small size and the reinforcement they offer
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It is limited to the lower part of the tubular body near the lower mouth, providing a firm base connection.
These described solutions use bases or covers of a single flat single piece, and are provided with side flaps, of short length in relation to their width, the length of said side flaps being typically not greater than their width. Typically, single-piece flat bases or caps alternate side flaps of a width with secondary side flaps of a smaller width, and usually neither side nor other flaps have a length greater than the width of the smaller side flaps.
This is due to the fact that the size of the flat pieces with which these types of products are usually produced is limited, and they have defined size standards. The production of flat pieces of a size larger than that accessible in the market for the production of large container parts obtained from a single flat single piece would be economically unfeasible. Typically said maximum market-accessible size is 200 cm or 250 cm.
When it comes to large containers, such as containers 60 centimeters or more in base width and 90 cm or more in height, the dimensions of the simple flat piece required for the production of a die-cut template that would allow it to be obtained per folded they would exceed the size of the corrugated cardboard sheet or corrugated plastic existing in the market, if the wall panels had a length equivalent to a substantial part of the height of the container, so the simple flat piece is only viable to make the bases or lids of the container with a low height of the wall panels. If the production of containers with a base of approximately 120 cm in width is also contemplated, the production of said single-piece flat base pieces is already completely unfeasible.
Secondly, by defining a template on a flat piece that allows for its folding to obtain a container with walls and a bottom, a flat piece is obtained with flaps that extend in divergent directions corresponding to said folded walls, leaving hollow spaces between said flaps. These gaps constitute wasted or eliminated material, and therefore losses with economic impact on the cost of the container. The greater the height of the walls, the larger these gaps between the flaps are, and the greater the cost. For this reason the known documents offer solutions that require low-rise walls and that only reinforce the mouth of the tubular body, and allow the base to be anchored to said base.
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tubular body, but without offering substantial improvements to the structural resistance of the tubular body in the area away from the mouths.
Another drawback is that, due to the divergent orientations of the wall panels in the single flat piece, the mutually parallel corrugations of the corrugated cardboard or corrugated plastic are arranged perpendicular to the corresponding side of the base panel in some of the parallel wall panels to the corresponding side of the base panel in other wall panels, and oblique to the corresponding side of the base panel in still other wall panels. It is known that the direction of the corrugations has an important effect on the ability of corrugated cardboard or corrugated plastic to resist compressive stresses, and therefore the use of a simple flat piece does not allow all container walls to have maximum resistance to compression
Exhibition of the invention
According to a first aspect, the present invention helps to mitigate the above and other inconveniences, especially obtaining a flat base piece that reinforces an area of the container away from its mouths from a flat piece of low shrinkage, providing a flat base piece.
Said flat piece comprises, in a known way, a flat base that has the shape of a polygon with an even number of sides that include first alternate base edges interspersed between second alternate base edges and a plurality of wall panels that they extend from the first alternate base edges of the flat base.
Said flat base piece being inscribable in a quadrangular perimeter, and said plurality of wall panels being foldable with respect to said flat base by said first alternating base edges and adhering to a tubular body of polygonal cross-section for obtaining a reinforced container by its base.
It is proposed that said flat piece be obtained from a plurality of different flat pieces joined together by adhesive by means of fixing fins forming a flat piece composed of base.
In addition, it is proposed that said quadrangular perimeter where the flat composite base piece is inscribed has at least one side of length greater than 120 cm, with the sides being each of the four edge edges that delimit said quadrangular perimeter. It is also considered that the invention will be advantageous for obtaining
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flat pieces composed of a base whose quadrangular perimeter has all its sides longer than 120 cm.
A flat base piece whose quadrangular perimeter has at least a side greater than 120 cm will be a large flat base piece that is difficult to handle, since the pallets used for storage and transport of goods usually have a size of up to 120 cm by 120 cm . Any merchandise, such as a plurality of flat base pieces, which is larger than the pallet will require special transport and storage measures that will hinder and make management more expensive. Obtaining said flat base piece from a plurality of flat pieces joined together allows to produce, transport and store those flat pieces separately, being smaller flat pieces and therefore more easily manageable with lower costs, and proceed to assemble it at the site or at the moment when it is necessary to use the flat composite piece of base for the production of containers. In this way, the general logistic costs are reduced and the resulting container is cheaper. It is also necessary to consider that the usual die cutting machines can only work with sheets of material of a maximum of 160 cm wide, so that any flat piece of base whose quadrangular perimeter has all sides of more than 160 cm will be very difficult to produce from a single flat die piece. Therefore, it is considered that the present invention especially concerns flat base pieces whose quadrangular perimeter has all sides of more than 160 cm.
Other problems caused by the manipulation of large flat base pieces are that, the larger their size, the more pronounced is their bent caused by environmental humidity. Therefore it is considered that storing flat base pieces with a size greater than 120 cm by 120 cm can be problematic, as well as subsequently using said flat curved pieces for the production of a container. On the contrary, storing flat pieces of smaller size than the flat base piece to produce minimizes this problem.
According to an alternative embodiment, it is proposed that the surface of the flat composite part of the base occupies a maximum of 80% of the surface of its corresponding quadrangular perimeter, therefore leaving at least 20% of the quadrangular perimeter uncovered.
This means that if said flat base piece was obtained by die-cutting a single flat quadrangular piece, rather than from the union of multiple pieces
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flat individual, the resulting flat base piece would have had a loss (waste of material) of at least 20%, therefore being a very inefficient process. However, obtaining the flat composite base piece from different flat pieces joined together allows a better use of the material, since each of the individual flat pieces can be optimized to be produced together with other identical flat pieces, with a preferred orientation, achieving a production with very little shrinkage, producing little or no waste, for example shrinkage of less than 5% of the material. The result is therefore a product with a better efficiency in the use of the material, and therefore more economical.
It is also proposed that the flat base preferably has an octagon shape. An embodiment in which the first base edges are longer than the second base edges will also be preferable. In this case it is proposed that the length of the wall panels, in a direction perpendicular to the first base edge, be equal to or greater than 1.5 times the length of the second base edges.
It is also proposed that each of said wall panels have a length in the direction perpendicular to the first alternate side equal to or greater than 45 cm, or equal to or greater than the length of the first base edge, providing a perimeter reinforcement to the tubular body by at least partially folding its walls and allowing to obtain a perimeter reinforced container.
Thus, the present invention concerns, according to the aforementioned first aspect, multiple flat pieces joined together by means of fixing and adhesive fins, forming a flat piece composed of a base provided with a flat base surrounded at least by extending wall panels in divergent directions around said flat base, forming a flat piece composed of inscribable base in a quadrangular perimeter of side greater than 120 cm. This allows the coupling of said flat composite part of base to a tubular body by bending the wall panels with respect to the first alternate base edges of the flat base and gluing said wall panels on the faces of said tubular body . The result will be a container with a substantial lower portion of its walls with a folded thickness, which offers greater reinforcement of said walls precisely in the region where, when filling the container for example with a plastic bag full of pulp or other material fluid, liquid or granular, a higher hydrostatic pressure is produced, which is in the lower half of said container.
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The aforementioned fixing fins that allow the joining of the flat pieces that integrate the wall panels and the flat base, and are also integrated in said flat pieces either in the flat pieces that integrate the wall panels, in the flat pieces that they integrate the flat base, or both. Said fixing fins are located next to the edges coinciding with the first base edges of the flat base piece.
It will be understood that said fixing fins can therefore extend from the wall panels and adhere to the front or back of the flat base, or can extend from the flat base and adhere to the front or back of the wall panels.
With this construction a flat piece composed of large base can be made from a plurality of smaller flat pieces, which can be punched out of one or more plates, for example corrugated cardboard or corrugated plastic, with a minimum of waste.
In addition, the wall panels of the base composite flat part of the present invention may have a length equivalent to a substantial part of the height of the container. This makes it possible to reinforce at least the lower half of the container, where the stresses to be supported are greater, without the need for the resistance of the tubular body to be maximum in its entire height when in the upper half the stresses to be supported are much smaller, allowing material savings also in the tubular body.
According to a further embodiment, at least half of the alternately arranged wall panels are integrated into flat wall pieces that further comprise wall flaps extending from side edges of the wall panels perpendicular to the first base edges, each of the wall flaps being foldable with respect to said wall panel by said side edges and intended to be applied on said polygonal shaped tubular body for obtaining a reinforced container, preferably said wall flaps being bonded with adhesive on the faces of the tubular body.
Therefore, it is proposed that at least half of the wall panels, half of the panels arranged alternately, are integrated into flat wall pieces that also integrate folding wall flaps with respect to the wall panel by a side edge edge perpendicular to the first alternate side of the corresponding wall panel. Therefore, at least one of every two wall panels extends laterally with said wall flaps, which allow, when the flat composite base piece is folded around a tubular body, to join or adhere to some of the flat faces of the body tubular
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extending the reinforcement offered by said perimeter walls. Each wall panel provided with wall flaps can be extended with a wall flap located on one side of the wall panel, or with two wall flaps extending on opposite sides of the wall panel.
In a specific embodiment, the wall flaps have a general length equivalent to the length of the side edges of the wall panels and a general width equivalent to the width of the second base edges, or half that distance.
Additionally it is proposed that at least half of the alternately arranged wall panels are integrated into flat wall pieces that further comprise reinforcement flaps extending from reinforcing lateral edges perpendicular to the first alternate side, each of the flaps being of reinforcement foldable with respect to said flat piece by said lateral reinforcement edges and fixable in superposition to other walls and / or to their corresponding wall flaps to obtain a reinforced container in continuity throughout its perimeter, preferably through the use of adhesives. According to this embodiment, at least half of the wall panels, half of the panels arranged alternately, are integrated into flat wall pieces that also integrate folding reinforcement flaps by a side edge edge perpendicular to the first alternate side of the corresponding wall panel Therefore, at least one of every two wall panels extends laterally with said reinforcement flaps, which allow, when the flat composite base piece is folded around a tubular body, to adhere on other wall panels or on the flaps of wall previously applied on the tubular body, thus extending the reinforcement offered by said perimeter walls, creating a reinforcement at the points where the wall panels and / or the wall flaps are adjacent on the tubular body creating a ring of reinforcement.
Said reinforcing flaps can therefore extend from the corresponding wall panel, or from the end of a wall flap in turn attached to a wall panel.
Each wall panel provided with wall flaps can be extended with a wall flap located on one side of the wall panel, or with two wall flaps extending on opposite sides of the wall panel.
Ideally, the wall panels and all the fins will completely surround the perimeter of the tubular body, and preferably the reinforcement fins will be overlapped to all inter-spaces that remain between wall panels and / or between adjacent wall flaps
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on the tubular body, thus providing a continuity in the transmission of efforts throughout the perimeter of the container in the form of a continuous ring, tipping the container.
A further embodiment proposes the existence of a plurality of secondary wall panels extending from the second alternate base edges of the base panel, wherein said secondary wall panels are formed of independent secondary flat wall pieces that optionally include fins of fixing, and are attached by adhesive to said flat base by said second alternate base edges by means of the fixing fins. Said secondary wall panels will therefore be interspersed between the wall panels so far described, allowing for additional reinforcement of the tubular body. Said secondary wall panels are intended to be applied against the second external faces of the tubular body, or to be applied against some wall flaps of the previously applied wall panels against the second external faces of the tubular body.
Thus, the wall panels and / or the secondary wall panels and / or their corresponding wall flaps can be directly adhered to the tubular body.
If there are reinforcement flaps, they will be joined, preferably with adhesive, on the wall panels and / or on the secondary wall panels and / or on the wall flaps. In this case the reinforcement flaps would create a reinforcement ring, and it would not be essential that the wall panels, the secondary wall panels and the wall flaps were adhered to the tubular body, since said tubular body would be confined and constricted by the said reinforcement ring.
In another embodiment the secondary wall panels will be adhered to the wall flaps of the wall panels, so that said secondary wall panels will perform a function equivalent to that of the reinforcement flaps, creating said reinforcement ring and therefore both allowing also that there is no adhesion between the tubular body and the wall panels and the wall flaps.
Optionally, each of said secondary side wall panels will have a length in the direction perpendicular to the second alternate side equal to or greater than 45 cm, providing a perimeter reinforcement to the lower part of the tubular body and allowing obtaining a container with an additional perimeter reinforcement. Typically said length will produce an oblong secondary wall panel with a width, in the direction of the second alternating edge, less than said length of 45 cm or more.
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If such secondary wall panels exist, it is proposed that at least the wall panels be integrated into flat wall pieces and / or at least the secondary wall panels are integrated into flat pieces of secondary wall that also comprise reinforcement flaps which extend from lateral reinforcing edges perpendicular to the alternate side of the corresponding wall panel, each of the reinforcing flaps being foldable with respect to said flat piece by said reinforcing lateral edges and adherent in superposition to other walls and / or other secondary walls to obtain a reinforced container in continuity throughout its perimeter.
These reinforcing flaps are intended to be superimposed and bonded by adhesive to an inner side or an outer side of the secondary wall panels when the wall panels are bent at a right angle to the base panel to form a container.
It is also proposed that each of said flat pieces be a corrugated cardboard or plastic sheet equipped with inner grooves, and where at least part of the different corrugated cardboard or plastic sheets adhered to each other that make up the flat composite base piece are arranged being the inner grooves in directions not parallel to each other, for example the inner grooves of at least one of the flat pieces constituting the flat piece composed of base oriented in a different direction to the orientation of the inner grooves of the remaining pieces flat constitutive of the flat piece composed of base.
According to an intended embodiment, each flat piece has its respective inner grooves arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first alternate side to which it joins the base piece, allowing to obtain a container with a perimeter reinforcement with walls whose grooves are aligned with the vertical relative to the ground.
The composite construction of the flat base piece allows the individual flat pieces to be punched so that all the flat wall pieces have the corrugated corrugated cardboard or corrugated plastic dispositions in an optimal orientation to resist compressive stresses. Preferably, each of the secondary wall panels and wall panels has the undulations of the corrugated cardboard or corrugated plastic arranged perpendicular to the respective first and second base edges.
It is also proposed that, in the case of the flat part consisting of a base formed without secondary wall panels, the flat base is selected from:
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• a single single base piece separated from the plurality of flat wall pieces and attached thereto by adhesive, or
• a single flat piece that also integrates a wall panel into the same flat piece, separated from the remaining flat wall pieces and attached to them by adhesive; or
• a single flat piece that also integrates two opposite wall panels in the same flat piece, separated from the remaining flat wall pieces and attached to them by adhesive; or
• a composite base piece formed by the at least partial overlap and adhesion with respect to each other of said fixing fins integrated in the flat wall pieces.
Therefore the flat base can be both an independent flat piece, as an extension of the flat pieces of some flat wall pieces, as well as being formed by the juxtaposition and adhesion of multiple fixing fins of the flat wall pieces.
It is also proposed that, in the case of the flat part consisting of a base equipped with secondary wall panels, that the flat base be selected from:
• a single single base piece separated from the plurality of flat wall pieces and the plurality of secondary flat wall pieces, and attached thereto by adhesive, or
• a single flat piece that also integrates a wall panel into a single flat piece, separated from the remaining flat wall pieces and the remaining secondary flat wall pieces and attached thereto by adhesive; or
• a single flat piece that also integrates two opposite wall panels in the same flat piece, separated from the remaining flat wall pieces and the remaining secondary flat wall pieces and attached thereto by adhesive; or
• is a composite flat part formed by the at least partial overlap and adhesion of said fixing fins of the flat wall pieces and / or of said fixing fins of the secondary flat wall pieces relative to each other.
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According to a second aspect of the present invention, a reinforced container is proposed comprising, according to the state of the known art, a tubular body of polygonal cross-section with an even number of faces including first alternate faces interspersed between second alternate faces , defining an open and opposite base mouth and an upper mouth, and a flat base piece whose development is inscribable in a quadrangular perimeter, said flat base piece comprising:
• a flat base in the form of a polygon with an even number of sides that include first alternate base edges interspersed between second alternate base edges corresponding to the respective first alternate faces and second alternate faces of the tubular body, being said flat base coinciding with said base mouth, obstructing it;
• a plurality of wall panels extending at an angle from the first alternate base edges of the flat base to which they are attached, and in superposition to at least a portion of the first alternate faces adjacent to the base mouth, joined to said first alternate faces by means of adhesive providing a container reinforced by its base.
It is also proposed that said container have the following characteristics:
• said flat piece is obtained from a plurality of different flat pieces joined together by adhesive by means of fixing fins arranged in said first alternate base edges forming a flat piece composed of base;
• said quadrangular perimeter where the development of the flat composite base piece is inscribed has at least one side length greater than 120 cm.
It will be understood that the development of the composite flat piece is the extension of the composite flat piece in a plane so that all its parts are coplanar.
According to an alternative embodiment, said tubular body has a height between its two opposite openings of at least twice the length of the wall panels providing a perimeter reinforcement to the tubular body by at least partially bending the thickness of its walls and allowing obtaining a perimeter reinforced container.
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Thus, the characteristics described correspond to a container produced by means of the flat base composite part described above attached to a tubular body. Additionally, it is proposed that said flat composite base piece include any feature described above, in its application on a tubular body forming a reinforced container.
Additionally, it is proposed that the tubular body and the base composite flat part be composed of corrugated cardboard or plastic sheets provided with internal grooves, and where the wall panels are adhered on the tubular body, leaving the direction of the panel grooves wall orthogonal to the direction of the grooves of the tubular body, for example the direction of the grooves of the wall panels being perpendicular to the direction of the grooves of the tubular body. This gives an improved structural strength to the whole, as the orthogonal directions of the combined grooves have a much improved structural strength. Alternatively, it is contemplated that the direction of the grooves of the wall panels is parallel to the direction of the grooves of the tubular body.
According to another embodiment, the wall panels have a length less than the distance between the two mouths of the tubular body, with an upper portion of the tubular body being exposed. For example, it is contemplated that the wall panels have a length of at least 33% or at least 50% or at least 75% of the distance between the two mouths of the tubular body, leaving an upper portion of the faces of the bare tubular body lacking reinforcement wall panels.
In such a case, the container may include an upper lid of polygonal cross-section provided with a perimeter tubular wall fitted tightly in the upper portion lacking reinforcement wall panels. This makes it possible to prevent the lid from protruding from the reinforced container assembly, the lid being flush with the container wall panels, which allows the adjacent reinforced containers to be placed and in contact with each other, thus achieving the expansive forces of each other. Adjacent containers are counteracted and compensated, thus achieving a very stable group of containers and without the walls of the container being in tension, or subject to very low stresses, despite being loaded containers.
Optionally, it is proposed that the base of the container be adhered on a pallet, which allows transporting said pallet loaded with one or several empty containers without the
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accelerations or wind can knock out the aforementioned containers that are very light in a vacuum.
Preferably, said container will have a height equal to or greater than 90 cm, allowing up to two superimposed containers to be stored inside a truck, or a height equal to or greater than 190 cm. The width of the container will preferably be a submultiple of the size of a standardized pallet, allowing one or more containers to be grouped per pallet, the most common pallets being between 100 cm and 120 cm. Therefore, the proposed containers will have, for example, basic dimensions of 114 by 114 cm, or 114 by 57 cm, or 57 by 57 cm, and will preferably be octagonal.
According to a third aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for producing flat composite base pieces configured according to the first aspect of the present invention. The apparatus comprises the following elements:
• a support surface;
• a plurality of flat-piece loaders, including at least some flat-wall wall loaders, distributed around an area of convergence of the support surface and oriented to supply the flat pieces arranged parallel to the support surface in convergent directions towards the convergence area,
• one or more adhesive application devices that deposit an adhesive over selected areas of the flat parts supplied by the flat part magazines;
• a positioning device located in said convergence area provided with stops provided to position at least each flat piece of wall supplied in a predefined position in relation to said convergence area;
• a treadmill device comprising a chassis located on the convergence area and endowed with a reciprocating motion in a direction perpendicular to the support surface, and provided with footsteps provided to exert pressure on selected areas of the flat pieces located in the convergence area
Thus the flat-piece loaders supply a plurality of flat pieces that converge in an area of convergence of a support surface, where stops of a positioning device place and center each flat piece in its precise position. This
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operation may occur due to the interaction of the displacement of the flat pieces towards the convergence area together with convergent center stops that produce an automatic centering of said flat pieces. With the flat pieces in the convergence area, some treadmills of a tread device press selected areas of the flat pieces located in the convergence area where adhesive had previously been applied by means of one or more adhesive application devices. The pressure holds said selected areas together while the adhesive hardens.
It will be understood that the positioning device may also include ramps, elevated areas, or retractable stops that allow the alignment of the different flat pieces at different heights, producing the superposition of at least some of said selected areas.
The convergence area of the support surface will be a central region thereof.
Additionally, it is proposed that said plurality of flat-piece loaders include loaders of secondary side-wall flat pieces, distributed around an area of convergence of the support surface at alternate positions interposed between the flat-wall wall loaders and oriented to supply the flat pieces arranged parallel to the support surface in convergent directions towards the convergence area.
Optionally said plurality of flat-piece loaders will also include a loader of flat base parts, distributed around the convergence area of the support surface and oriented to supply the flat part arranged parallel to the support surface in a direction convergent to the area of convergence
In a specific embodiment, the positioning device is integrated in said chassis, its respective retractable stops being guided in relation to the chassis in a direction perpendicular to the support surface. This embodiment would allow the lowering of the chassis in the first place to be the stops of the positioning device that came into contact with the support surface, the rollers being distanced from it enough for the insertion of the selected areas of the flat pieces between said support surface and said treadmills, said flat pieces being centered by the stops of the positioning device, and in a second moment the downward displacement of the chassis would press the treadmills against the selected areas of the flat pieces, while the stops would retract.
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In an alternative embodiment, the positioning device is integrated in said chassis, said treadmills being guided in relation to the chassis in a direction perpendicular to the support surface, by means of actuators, between a waiting position and a pressure position. In this case the chassis would descend by placing the stops on the support surface and, after the placement of the flat pieces, the treadmills would move with respect to the chassis by descending and pressing the flat pieces against the support surface. It will be understood that the positioning device can also be integrated in the support surface, even containing the described features referring to the positioning device fixed to the chassis.
It is also proposed that at least some of the stops of the positioning device are adjustable and movable adjustable stops in different relative positions along stop guides. This allows to regulate the apparatus adapting it to different formats and sizes of flat pieces composed of base to produce.
Preferably, the treadmills will not cover those areas of the convergence area occupied by the stops of the positioning device, nor will they additionally include openings coinciding with the areas where the stop guides allow locating the adjustable stops. This ensures that there will be no interference between the treadmills and the stops.
The treadmill device comprises a chassis located on the convergence area and provided with a reciprocating movement in a direction perpendicular to the support surface. According to a preferred embodiment, the chassis includes stops fixed to the chassis and arranged to position the flat wall pieces supplied by the loaders of flat wall pieces, and some treadmills guided with respect to the chassis by guide devices perpendicular to the support surface and moved by actuators between a waiting position, in which the treadmills are separated from the flat pieces arranged on the support surface, and a pressure position, in which the treadmills press the flat pieces against the support surface.
The one or more adhesive application devices are of a conventional type and are arranged and controlled so that they deposit an adhesive over selected areas of the flat wall pieces and the secondary flat wall pieces that are supplied by the first and second loaders of flat wall pieces and / or on selected areas of the flat base pieces that are supplied by the flat base parts loader.
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The stops of the positioning device comprise, according to the present preferred embodiment, walls perpendicular to the support surface that protrude downwardly from the chassis and which are oriented in radial directions relative to a central axis of the positioning device. Optionally, the positioning device further comprises adjustable stops interspersed between the fixed stops. These adjustable stops are movable along elongated holes oriented in radial directions formed in the chassis. The adjustable stops are secured in desired positions along the elongated holes by fixing screws.
The footsteps of the treadmill device are arranged below the chassis and housed between the fixed stops. When the tread device includes the adjustable stops, the rollers have elongated holes coinciding with the elongated holes of the chassis and the adjustable stops are inserted through the elongated holes of the rollers. The guiding devices of the tread device comprise guide rods fixed to the treadmills and inserted into linear bearings fixed in the chassis. The actuators of the treadmills have a base part fixed to the chassis and an extensible part fixed to the guide bars. In one embodiment, the actuators of the treadmills are pneumatic cylinders.
The tread device is fixed to a first end of a driving rod, which is guided with respect to a structure of the apparatus by a guiding device perpendicular to the support surface. The actuator rod together with the tread device is moved by an actuator mechanism actuated by an actuator between a separate position, in which the tread device is separated from the flat pieces arranged on the support surface and an operative position, in the that the treadmill is very close or in contact with the flat pieces arranged on the support surface.
The actuator mechanism of the tread device comprises a lever and an actuator. The lever has a first end connected to the structure of the apparatus by a first articulation pin parallel to the support surface. The actuator has an extensible part connected to a second end of the lever by a second articulation pin parallel to the support surface and a base part connected to the structure by a third articulation pin parallel to the support surface. The lever also has an intermediate part disposed between a roller and a pressure pin parallel to the support surface mounted at a second end of the drive rod. In one embodiment, the actuator of the drive mechanism is a pneumatic cylinder.
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When the actuator is activated to extend the extensible part, the lever pivots around the first articulation pin and the intermediate part of the lever interferes with the roller and moves the actuating rod together with the treadmill to the waiting position. When the actuator is activated to retract the extensible part, the lever pivots around the first articulation pin in an opposite direction and the intermediate part of the lever interferes with the pressure pin and moves the actuating rod together with the treadmill towards the operational position
In an embodiment with manual loading, the first loaders of flat wall pieces comprise respective first stores of flat wall pieces and respective dragging devices. Each of the first flat wall pieces stores houses a stack of flat wall pieces, and the dragging devices drag the flat wall pieces from a lower position of the respective piles and along guides to the convergence area of the support surface, until they stop with the fixed stops of the treadmill. Stacks of flat wall pieces are manually charged to their corresponding warehouses.
In a similar manner, in this embodiment with manual loading the second flat-wall wall loaders comprise respective second flat-wall wall stores, each of which houses a stack of secondary flat wall pieces, and respective devices of drag that drag the secondary flat wall pieces along guides to the convergence area from a lower position of the respective piles until they meet the fixed stops. Stacks of secondary flat wall pieces are manually charged to their corresponding warehouses.
In the embodiment with manual loading, if the apparatus includes a loader of flat base pieces, it comprises a warehouse of flat base pieces, which houses a stack of flat base pieces, and a dragging device that drags the flat pieces base along guides from a lower position of the stack to a predetermined position in the convergence area below the treadmill. The stack of flat base pieces is manually charged to their corresponding warehouse.
In an embodiment with automatic loading, the apparatus includes the first and second flat-wall wall loaders and optionally a loader of flat-based base parts analogous to those described above in relation to the manual-loading embodiment, and automatic manipulators associated with the Chargers.
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Thus, in this embodiment with automatic loading, each of the first flat wall loaders includes a first automatic manipulator having a prehensile organ provided with suction cups configured and controlled so that it takes flat wall pieces from a stack of flat pieces of spare wall disposed on a mobile platform adjacent to the corresponding first flat wall parts warehouse and deposits them in an upper position of the stack of flat wall pieces arranged in the first flat wall pieces warehouse.
Similarly, in this embodiment with automatic loading, each of the second flat-wall wall loaders includes a second automatic manipulator that has a prehensile organ provided with suction cups that takes secondary flat wall pieces from a stack secondary flat wall pieces spare part arranged on a mobile platform adjacent to the corresponding second store of flat wall pieces and deposits them in an upper position of the stack of secondary flat wall pieces arranged in the second store of flat wall pieces.
If the apparatus includes a loader of flat base parts, in the embodiment with automatic loading the warehouse of flat base parts is arranged adjacent to one of the second stores of flat wall pieces, and the same automatic manipulator that feeds this second warehouse of flat wall pieces takes flat base parts from a stack of spare base flat pieces arranged on a mobile platform adjacent to the corresponding second flat wall part store or adjacent to the flat base part store and deposits them in a position top of the stack of flat base parts arranged in the warehouse of flat base parts.
It is also contemplated that the distance between the different flat-piece loaders is sized to allow the extraction of the flat composite base piece obtained through the separation space between them. Alternatively, it is contemplated that at least one of said loaders releases a passage either below, the loader being suspended, or above it sufficient for the extraction of said composite flat piece. It is also contemplated that at least one of said loaders can be displaced allowing the extraction of the flat piece composed of the base produced.
It will be understood that the present invention also covers all those embodiments in which the joints described as made by adhesives are made by other means, such as staples or rivets.
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Brief description of the drawings
The foregoing and other features and advantages will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of some embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a top plan view of several elements that make up a flat composite base piece according to a first embodiment of four walls of a first aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the base composite flat part including the assembled elements of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a top plan view of several elements that make up a flat composite base piece according to a second embodiment of four walls of a first aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the flat composite base piece including the assembled elements of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is a top plan view of several elements that make up a flat composite base piece according to a third embodiment of four walls of a first aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the flat composite base piece including the assembled elements of Fig. 5, in which the quadrangular perimeter is included;
Fig. 7 is a top plan view of several elements that make up a flat composite base piece according to a first eight-wall embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a top plan view of the base composite flat part including the assembled elements of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is a top plan view of several elements that make up a flat piece composed of a base according to a second embodiment of eight walls of the first aspect of the present invention;
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Fig. 10 is a top plan view of the base composite flat part including the assembled elements of Fig. 9;
Fig. 11 is a top plan view of several elements that make up a flat composite base piece according to a third embodiment of eight walls of the first aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 12 is a top plan view of the flat composite base piece including the assembled elements of Fig. 11;
Fig. 13 is a top plan view of several elements that make up a flat composite base piece according to a fourth eight-wall embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 14 is a top plan view of the flat composite base piece including the assembled elements of Fig. 13;
Fig. 15 is a top plan view of several elements that make up a flat piece composed of a base according to a fifth embodiment of eight walls of the first aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 16 is a top plan view of the base composite flat part including the assembled elements of Fig. 15;
Fig. 17 is a top plan view of several elements that make up a flat piece composed of a base according to a sixth embodiment of eight walls of the first aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 18 is a top plan view of the base composite flat part including the assembled elements of Fig. 17;
Fig. 19 is a top plan view of several elements that make up a flat composite base piece according to a seventh eight wall embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 20 is a top plan view of the flat composite base piece including the assembled elements of Fig. 19, in which the quadrangular perimeter is included;
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Fig. 19b is a top plan view of several elements that make up a flat piece composed of a base according to an eighth embodiment of eight walls of the first aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 20b is a top plan view of the flat composite base piece including the assembled elements of Fig. 19b;
Fig. 21 is a perspective view of a container formed by the adhesion of a tubular body and a flat piece composed of a base according to the fifth embodiment of eight walls shown in Fig. 16, the container being in an initial stage prior to the folding of the wall panels and the secondary wall panels, having indicated, by means of a pattern of parallel lines, the tail lines deposited on selected areas of the flat composite piece of base for the assembly of the container;
Fig. 22 is a perspective view of the container shown in Fig. 21, the container being in an intermediate mounting stage with the secondary wall panels already folded and adhered to the second faces of the tubular body, and the panels being wall still extended;
Fig. 23 is a perspective view of the container shown in Fig. 22, the reinforced container being already fully assembled, with the wall panels adhered on the first faces of the tubular body, and the reinforcement fins adhered on the outer face of the secondary wall panels, also including a polygonal cross-sectional cover provided with perimeter walls, shown separately from the assembled reinforced container;
Fig. 23b is a perspective view of the container shown in Fig. 23, the lid being coupled to the reinforced container assembled;
Fig. 21b is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the container assembly shown in Fig. 21, in which adhesive is disposed only on the secondary wall panels;
Fig. 22b is a perspective view of the container shown in Fig. 21b, at a later stage of assembly in which the wall panels have been pressed against the first faces of the tubular body, and the wall flaps attached to said wall panels have been pressed against the second faces of the tubular body, so that the back bent
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of the secondary wall panels will press them against the back of said wall flaps, where they will be adhered by the arranged adhesive;
Fig. 24 is a perspective view of an apparatus for producing composite flat pieces, provided with four wall panels, in accordance with an embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 25 is a perspective view of an apparatus for producing composite flat parts provided with four wall panels and four secondary wall panels, in accordance with a first embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 26 is a top plan view of the apparatus of Fig. 25;
Fig. 27 is a perspective view of a tread device of the apparatus of Fig. 25 in conjunction with its drive mechanism, its positioning device, and with a flat piece composed of base;
Fig. 28 is a cross-sectional view of the tread device, the positioning device and its drive mechanism;
Fig. 29 is a top perspective view of the tread device and the positioning device;
Fig. 30 is a bottom perspective view of the tread device and the positioning device; Y
Fig. 31 is a perspective view of an apparatus for producing composite flat parts according to a second embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention.
Detailed description of some embodiments
The present invention concerns three different aspects. A first aspect is represented in Figs. 1 to 20 and refers to a flat composite piece 50 of base which, by folding and glued to a tubular body 61, allows obtaining a reinforced container 60 representing the second aspect of the invention, shown in Fig. 22, 23 and 24. The third aspect of the invention is shown in the remaining Figs. 25 to 31, and refers to an apparatus for the production of the base composite flat piece 50 of the first aspect of the invention.
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The first aspect of the invention, the flat composite piece 50 of base, can be realized in multiple embodiments provided with an even number of wall panels. Examples of four and eight side walls have been shown in the following examples, but other embodiments of six, ten, or twelve wall panels will be obvious to an expert.
Figs. 1 and 2 show a flat piece composed of base 50 according to a first embodiment of four walls of the first aspect of the present invention, which comprises a flat piece of base 11 and four flat pieces of wall 13 each integrating a wall panel 3 and a fixing flap 6. The adhesion of said fixing fins on the flat base piece 11 provides the integration of the flat composite piece 50 of the base, the wall panels 3 being extended adjacent to the first edges of alternate base 1a, and being, in this embodiment, the second alternate base edges 1b devoid of wall panels or flaps, although their inclusion may be considered.
Figs. 3 and 4 show a second embodiment of four walls of the first aspect of the invention in which the wall panels 3 are provided with wall flaps 4, intended to be adhered on second faces 60b of the tubular body 61, and of reinforcement flaps 4a intended to be adhered on other wall panels 3 once these have already adhered to the tubular body 61 (see Figs. 21 to 23), thus offering continuous reinforcement throughout the perimeter of the tubular body 61, providing a tripping effect Said wall and reinforcement flaps 4 and 4a extend from two opposite side edges 3b of the wall panels 3, said side edges 3b being perpendicular to the corresponding alternate base edge 1a.
Figs. 5 and 6 show a third embodiment of four walls of the first aspect of the invention in which the flat base 1 is obtained from the superposition and adhesion of the fixing fins 6 of the four wall panels 3, and where some wall panels they have wall flaps 4, and other wall panels have reinforcement flaps 4a.
In Fig. 6 the representation of the quadrangular perimeter 9 shown in broken line has also been included. It will be understood that the quadrangular perimeter is that minimum quadrangular zone in which the flat base piece can be inscribed. The remaining embodiments of flat base pieces will also have their corresponding quadrangular perimeters 9 although they have not been shown in the corresponding figures.
Figs. 7 and 8 show a flat piece composed of base 50 according to a first embodiment of eight walls of the first aspect of the present invention, which comprises
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several flat pieces made of corrugated cardboard or corrugated plastic, which are shown separately in Fig. 7 and mutually assembled and joined in Fig. 8.
The flat pieces that form the base composite flat piece 50 according to this first eight-wall embodiment comprise a flat base piece 11, a plurality of flat wall pieces 13 and a plurality of secondary flat wall pieces 12 joined together by adhesive .
The flat base piece 11 defines a base panel 1 which has the shape of an octagon provided with alternate second base edges 1b interspersed between first alternate base edges 1a. It should be noted that, for the purposes of the present invention, the base panel 1 may be in the form of any polygon with an even number of sides including alternate second base edges 1b interspersed between first alternate base edges 1a.
The flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 include respective wall panels 3 and secondary wall panels 2 that have a rectangular or slightly trapecial shape and are provided with respective first and second base edges 1a, 1b . The flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 are arranged mutually alternating around the flat base piece 11 and with the first and second base edges of the wall panels 3 and the parallel secondary wall panels 2 and adjacent to the first and second base edges 1a, 1b alternate of the base panel 1, respectively.
The corrugated cardboard or corrugated plastic sheet from which the flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 are made have mutually parallel ripples A, and each of the wall panels 3 and secondary wall panels 2 has the undulations A of the corrugated cardboard or corrugated plastic arranged perpendicular to the respective first and second base edges 1a, 1b of its corresponding wall panel.
The flat wall pieces 13 further include fixing fins 6 that extend from the first base edges 1a of their respective wall panels 3, for joining with the first base edges 1a of the flat base 1, and the pieces Secondary wall planks 12 also include fixing fins 6 that extend from the second base edges 1b of the secondary wall panels 2, for connection with the second base edges 1b of the flat base 1. In the flat piece Composed of base 50 shown in Fig. 8, these fixing fins 6 are superimposed and bonded by adhesive to
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an upper side of the flat base 1. Alternatively, the fixing fins 6 could be superimposed and bonded by adhesive to a lower side of the base panel 1 of the flat base part 11 with an equivalent result.
In this first embodiment of eight walls, the fixing fins 6 have a triangular shape essentially equivalent to a sector of the octagonal shape of the base panel 1 comprised between the corresponding first or first base side 1b, 1a and two radii of the panel of base 1, so that when the fixing fins 6 are superimposed and bonded by adhesive to the base panel 1 together they cover the entire area of the base panel 1, offering a flat base.
Thus, as shown in Fig. 8, the flat composite base piece 50 has the base panel 1 in a central region, four secondary wall panels 2 extending radially from the second base edges 1b of the base panel 1 and four wall panels 3 extending radially from the first base edges 1a of the base panel 1.
Obviously, if the flat base panel 1 had the shape of any other polygon with an even number of sides, the total number of the sum of the flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 would be equal to the number of sides of the polygon.
The flat composite piece 50 of base is provided for the formation of a container in cooperation with a tubular body (see Fig. 21-23) of polygonal cross-section, preferably made of corrugated cardboard sheet or corrugated plastic and provided with a number of lateral flat panels equivalent to the number of sides of the polygon defined by the base panel 1. For the formation of the container, the wall panels 3 and secondary wall panels 2 are bent at right angles to the base panel 1 and superimposed and joined by adhesive to the flat side panels of the tubular body. The container may include an upper lid of polygonal cross-section, preferably made of corrugated cardboard sheet or corrugated plastic.
Figs. 9 and 10 show a flat piece composed of base 50 according to a second embodiment of eight walls, which is in all respects analogous to that described above in relation to the first embodiment of eight walls except that in this second embodiment of eight walls, the fixing fins 6 have a trapecial shape essentially equivalent, for example, to a truncated sector of the octagonal shape of the base panel 1. Accordingly, when the fixing fins 6 are superimposed and bonded by adhesive to the panel of base 1 together cover only a peripheral area of the panel
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base 1. Alternatively, the fixing fins 6 could have any other shape and / or could be subdivided into several separate fixing fins of smaller dimensions.
Figs. 11 and 12 show a flat piece composed of base 50 according to a third embodiment of eight walls, which is in all respects analogous to that described above in relation to the first embodiment of eight walls except that in this third embodiment of eight walls the flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 do not have fixing fins and it is the flat base piece 11 which comprises fixing fins 6 extending from the second alternate base edges 1b of the panel of base 1 and fixing fins 6 extending from the first alternate base edges 1a of the base panel 1.
As shown in Fig. 12, in the flat composite part of base 50 of the third embodiment of eight walls the fixing fins 6 are superimposed and bonded by adhesive to a lower side of the wall panels 3 and secondary wall panels 2 respectively. Alternatively, the fixing fins 6 could be superimposed and bonded by adhesive to an upper side of the wall panels 3 and secondary wall panels 2, respectively, with an equivalent result.
Figs. 13 and 14 show a flat piece composed of base 50 according to a fourth embodiment of eight walls, which differs from the previous embodiments in that it does not have the flat base part 11 and in which the base panel 1 is formed by fins of fixing 6 included in the flat wall pieces 13 and in the secondary flat wall pieces 12, partly superimposed on each other and joined by adhesive. To this end, the flat wall pieces 13 comprise fixing fins 6 that extend from the first base edges 1a of the wall panels 3 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 comprise fixing fins 6 that extend from the second base edges 1b of the secondary wall panels 2.
In the flat composite piece of base 50 shown in Fig. 14, the fixing fins 6 are mutually superimposed in part and joined together by adhesive forming the base panel 1. Alternatively, the fixing fins 6 could be configured so that When the flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 are assembled, the fixing fins 6 will be completely superimposed on each other and joined by adhesive.
Figs. 15 and 16 show a flat piece composed of base 50 according to a fifth embodiment of eight walls, which is in all respects analogous to that described more
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above in relation to the first embodiment of eight walls except that in this fifth embodiment of eight walls the secondary flat wall pieces 12 further comprise wall flaps 4 or reinforcement flaps 4a extending from opposite side edges 3b of the wall panels 3. These wall flaps 4 or reinforcement 4a have no function in relation to the formation of the flat composite piece of base 50, and their purpose is related to the formation of a container from the composite flat piece base 50.
For the formation of the container shown in Figs. 21 to 23, the wall panels 3 and secondary wall panels 2 are bent at right angles to the base panel 1 and the wall flaps 4 are bent with respect to the wall panels 3 and overlapped and adhesively bonded to one side outside the tubular body, if they are adhered to the outside or inside of the secondary wall panels 2, reinforcement flaps 4a will be considered. Although in this case it is not essential, the container can include a tubular body provided with superimposed lateral flat panels and attached or not to the wall panels 3 and secondary wall panels 2. The container can also include an upper lid of polygonal cross-section with perimeter walls, preferably made of corrugated cardboard or corrugated plastic.
In the example illustrated in Figs. 15 and 16, the wall flaps 4 or reinforcement 4a have a general length equivalent to the length of the side edges 3b of the wall panels 3 and a general width equivalent to half the width of the secondary wall panels 2 , although alternatively the wall flaps 4 or reinforcement 4a could have any other dimensions and / or could be subdivided into several separate wall or reinforcement flaps of smaller dimensions.
Fig. 17 and 18 show a sixth embodiment of eight walls similar to the fifth embodiment, but in which the secondary wall panels 2 are also provided with reinforcing flaps 4a.
Figs. 19 and 20 show a seventh embodiment of eight walls in which each wall panel 3, and each secondary wall panel 2, has a single reinforcement flap 4a, always on the same side of the respective panel 2, 3 .
Figs. 19b and 20b show an eighth embodiment of eight walls in which a base piece 11 further integrates two opposite wall panels into a single flat piece.
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Figs. 21 to 23 show the second aspect of the invention, relative to the reinforced container 60 (shown in Fig. 23) formed by the composite base piece 50 of base described above. In Fig. 21 the container is shown before assembly, composed of a tubular body 61 with first faces 60a and second faces 60b, and a flat composite piece 50 of base arranged below the tubular body 61, the flat base being coincident with a of the mouths of the tubular body 61. They are also shown in Figs. 21 and 22 parallel tail lines arranged on selected areas of the flat composite piece 50 of base, ready for bending and glued on the first and second faces 60a and 60b of the tubular body 61. In the present embodiment said lines have been arranged of adhesive on the secondary wall panels 2, provided to be adhered on the second faces 60b, and on the reinforcement flaps 4a of the flat wall pieces 13, intended to be adhered on the outer face of the secondary wall panels 2 after adhesion to the tubular body 61, as shown in the sequence of Figs. 21, 22 and 23.
It will be understood that said adhesive lines may not all be parallel to each other, and that they may be arranged in other selected areas of the base composite flat piece 50 different from those shown in the attached Figs, such as on wall panels 3, or if existing on wall flaps 4.
The secondary wall panels 2 adhered to the tubular body 61 are shown in Fig. 22, and the fully assembled reinforced container 60 is shown in Fig. 23. In this embodiment it is shown how the reinforcing walls extend from the base of the container to almost the upper mouth, completely covering at least the lower half of the tubular body, allowing its reinforcement in the part where, when filling the container with a dense content and fluid, as a paste, grain, or liquid material, etc., produces a greater expansive force due to hydrostatic loading. It is convenient not to completely cover the tubular body up to the upper mouth, so that a cover, provided with a perimeter tubular wall, is allowed to fit into the upper end of the tubular body without the perimeter tubular wall of the lid protruding from the assembly. Ideally, said perimeter tubular wall will be flush with the adjacent wall panels and in contact with the upper edge of said wall panels in the manner shown in Fig. 23b, allowing the transmission of vertical compression stresses.
An alternative embodiment of the container in the initial assembly stages is shown in Figs 21b and 22b. In Fig. 21b the tubular body 61 shown on a flat composite piece 50 of base is shown, with adhesive lines having been applied
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only on the secondary wall panels 2. In Fig. 22b it is shown how, by bending, the wall panels 3 have been applied on the first faces 60a and the wall flaps 4 on the second faces 60b of the tubular body 61. Next, the bending of the secondary wall panels 2 that will be adhered on the wall flaps 4 will occur, creating a reinforcing ring around the tubular body 61, and producing a reinforced container 60. In this embodiment it is noted that the tubular body 61 is only constrained by the secondary wall wall panels 3 and their respective flaps, but is not adhered thereto.
With reference to Figs. 24 to 31 an apparatus for the production of the composite flat piece 50 of exposed base is now described. In Fig. 24 there is shown an embodiment intended for the assembly of flat composite pieces 50 of base provided with four walls, such as that shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Fig. 25 shows an alternative embodiment of the apparatus provided for the assembly of flat pieces composed of base 50 equipped with eight walls.
In these embodiments, the apparatus comprises a support surface 20 installed in a structure 37, a plurality of flat-piece loaders, a positioning device, a tread device 24 and one or more adhesive application devices.
The flat-piece loaders comprise first flat-wall wall-loaders 23 and a second flat-wall loaders 22 mutually interleaved, distributed around an area of convergence of the support surface 20 and oriented to supply flat wall pieces 13 and secondary flat wall pieces 12, respectively, arranged parallel to the support surface 20 and moving them in convergent directions towards the convergence area of the support surface 20.
In the apparatus shown in Figs. 25 and 26, the flat part loaders further comprise a base flat part loader 21 oriented to supply flat base pieces 11 arranged parallel to the support surface 20 and moving them towards a convergence area of the support surface 20. However in the alternative embodiment shown in Fig. 24, the apparatus is configured to produce composite flat pieces 50 of base according to the third embodiment of four walls shown in Figs. 5 and 6, which do not include the flat base piece 11, and consequently the apparatus does not include the flatbed base loader 21. It will be understood that an embodiment of the apparatus for the production of flat pieces composed of eight eight-wall lacks flat piece
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base 11 is viable, just like an apparatus for the production of said flat pieces composed of four four-wall base integrating a flat piece of base 11 and therefore a loader of flat pieces of base 21.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 25, the base flat part loader 21 comprises a base flat part store 41 sized to house a stack of flat base pieces 11, and a dragging device that drags the flat parts of base 11 along guides (not shown) from a lower position of the stack to a predetermined position centered on the convergence area, whereby it is positioned in a suitable position to form the flat composite piece of base 50.
The first flat wall part loaders 23 comprise respective first flat wall part stores 43, each of which is sized to house a stack of flat wall pieces 13, and respective drag devices (not shown) that they drag the flat wall pieces 13 along guides (not shown) towards the convergence area, and more specifically from a lower position of the respective piles until the flat wall pieces 13 butt with existing stops 26 in the positioning device, whereby they are positioned in suitable positions to form the flat piece composed of base 50.
The second flat wall part loaders 22 comprise respective second flat wall part stores 42, each of which is sized to house a stack of secondary flat wall pieces 12, and respective drive devices (not shown) which drag the secondary flat wall pieces 12 along guides (not shown) towards the convergence area, and more specifically from a lower position of the respective stacks until the secondary flat wall pieces 12 abut the stops 26 of the positioning device, whereby they are positioned in suitable positions to form the flat piece composed of base 50.
The dragging devices and guides can be of any conventional type well known to those skilled in the art of manufacturing and handling flat pieces made of corrugated cardboard or corrugated plastic.
The order in which the base flat part loader 21 and the first and second flat wall part loaders 23, 22 load the respective base flat pieces 11 and flat wall pieces 13 and secondary flat wall pieces 12 can be
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programmed depending on whether the flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 are superimposed on an upper or lower side of the flat base piece 11 in the flat composite base piece 50.
In this first embodiment of the apparatus, the stacks of flat base pieces 11 are manually charged to the warehouse of flat base pieces 41 and the stacks of flat wall pieces 13 and secondary flat wall pieces 12 are manually charged to the respective first and second warehouses of flat wall pieces 43, 42.
The one or more adhesive application devices comprise, for example, ejector nozzles supported in the structure 37 in strategic positions for depositing an adhesive over selected areas of the flat base pieces 11 that are supplied by the base flat piece magazine. 21 during its journey from the warehouse of flat base parts 41 to the convergence area of the support surface 20, and / or on selected areas of the flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 supplied by the first and second loaders of flat wall pieces 23, 22 during their journey from the corresponding first and second storehouses of flat wall pieces 43, 42 to the convergence area of the support surface 20.
The adhesive application devices may be of any conventional type well known to those skilled in the art, and the adhesive applied by the ejector nozzles may be, for example, cold glue or hot glue, or there may be a combination of nozzles ejectors that apply cold glue and ejectors that apply hot glue.
The tread device 24, better shown in Figs. 27 and 28, comprises a chassis 25 located on the convergence area of the support surface. The chassis 25 is fixed to a first end of a driving rod 36 which is guided with respect to a structure 37 of the apparatus by a guiding device perpendicular to the supporting surface 20. The driving rod 36 together with the treading device 24 It is connected to a drive mechanism, better shown in Figs. 27 and 28, actuated by an actuator 38 that imparts to the tread device 24 a reciprocating movement along the guiding device in a direction perpendicular to the support surface 20 between a separate position and an operating position.
In the separate position, the treadmill device 24 is separated from the support surface 20 (Fig. 28), and more specifically of the flat base piece 11 and the flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 arranged on the surface of
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support 20 (Fig. 27). In the operative position, the tread device 24 is very close or in contact with the flat base part 11 and flat wall pieces 13 and secondary flat wall pieces 12 arranged on the support surface 20.
The guiding device of the drive rod 36 comprises, in the illustrated embodiment (Fig. 28), guide rails 53 perpendicular to the supporting surface 20 fixed to the driving rod 36 and slides 54 coupled to the guide rails 53 and fixed to the structure 37 by means of support pieces 55.
The drive mechanism, best shown in Figs. 27 and 28, comprises a lever 51 having a first end connected to the structure 37 by a first articulation pin 39 parallel to the support surface 20, and a second end connected to an extensible part 38b of the actuator 38 by a second pin of articulation 40 parallel to the support surface 20. The actuator 38, which is for example a pneumatic cylinder, has a base part 38a connected to the structure 37 by a third articulation pin 41b parallel to the support surface 20. The lever 51 has an intermediate part disposed between a roller 44 and a pressure pin 45 mounted on a second end of the drive rod 36. The roller 44 and the pressure pin 45 have respective axes parallel to the support surface 20.
An extension of the extensible part 38b of the actuator 38 pivots the lever 51 upwards and this interferes with the roller 44, thereby dragging the actuating rod 36 together with the treadmill device 24 upwards, to the separated position. A retraction of the extensible part 38b of the actuator 38 pivots the lever 51 downwards and this interferes with the pressure pin 45, thereby dragging the actuating rod 36 together with the treadmill device 24 downwards, to the operative position.
In the embodiment shown in Figs. 29 and 30, the chassis 25 comprises an upper plate 25a and a lower plate 25b connected to each other by a central body 25c (Fig. 28). On a lower side of the lower plate 25b of the chassis 25 the aforementioned stops 26 are fixed, which are in the form of thin walls perpendicular to the support surface 20 and oriented in radial directions relative to a central axis of the matching positioning device with a center of the convergence area of the support surface 20. These stops 26 are arranged so as to limit the displacement of the flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 supplied by the first and second part loaders flat wall 22, 23 and thus position the flat wall pieces 13 and the flat pieces
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of secondary walls 12 in the respective positions suitable for forming the flat composite part of base 50.
Under the bottom plate 25b of the chassis 25 and disposed between the stops 26 are some treadmills 27, which are guided with respect to the chassis 25 by guide devices perpendicular to the support surface 20 and are moved by actuators 30 between a waiting position, in which the footsteps 27 are separated from the flat base piece 11 and the flat wall pieces 13 and secondary flat wall pieces 12 arranged on the support surface 20, and a pressure position, in the that the footsteps 27 press the flat base piece 11 and the flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 against the support surface 20.
The guiding devices of the treadmill device 24 comprise guide rods 28 fixed to the footsteps 27 and inserted into linear bearings 29 installed in holes formed in the lower plate 25b of the chassis 25 and fixed to the lower plate 25b of the chassis 25. The actuators 30 are, for example, pneumatic cylinders, and have a base part 30a fixed to the upper plate 25a of the chassis 25 and an extensible part 30b fixed to a connection piece 52, which is in turn fixed to ends upper guide bars 28.
The positioning device further comprises adjustable stops 32 interspersed between the fixed and movable stops 26 along elongated holes 33 formed in the bottom plate 25b of the chassis 25 and oriented in radial directions that are bisectors of the angles formed by tol stops 26. The adjustable stops 32 are secured in desired positions along the elongated holes 33 by fixing screws 34. These adjustable stops protrude from a lower side of the lower plate 25b of the chassis 25.
In the illustrated example, the pins 27 are arranged essentially occupying the entire space between the stops 26, and consequently the pins 27 have elongated holes 35 coinciding with the elongated holes 33 of the chassis 25. The adjustable stops 32 are inserted through of the elongated holes 35 of the pins 27 and protrude from a lower surface of the pins 27.
The movements of the actuating mechanism of the actuating rod 36 and of the actuators 30 of the treadmills 27 are coordinated to first position the flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 loaded by the first and second flat part loaders of wall 22, 23 and then press the flat piece
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of base 11 and the flat wall pieces 13 and the secondary flat wall pieces 12 against the support surface 20.
Fig. 31 shows an apparatus according to a second embodiment. In this second embodiment, the apparatus comprises a support surface 20 installed in a structure 37, a flat base part loader 21, a plurality of first flat wall wall loaders 22, a plurality of second flat wall wall loaders 23, and a treadmill device 24, all configured and arranged in a manner analogous to that described above in relation to the first embodiment of the apparatus. Although they are not visible in Fig. 31. In the second embodiment, the apparatus also includes one or more adhesive application devices analogous to those described above.
In the second embodiment shown in Fig. 31, each of the first flat-wall wall loaders 22 includes a first automatic manipulator 46 having a prehensile member 48 provided with suction cups. This first automatic manipulator 46 is programmed to take flat wall pieces 13 from a stack of spare flat wall pieces 13 disposed on a mobile platform 56 adjacent to the corresponding first store of flat wall pieces 43 and deposit them in a superior position of the stack of flat wall pieces 13 arranged in the first store of flat wall pieces 43.
Similarly, each of the second flat-wall wall loaders 23 includes a second automatic manipulator 47 having a prehensile member 49 provided with suction cups. This second automatic manipulator 47 is programmed to take secondary flat wall pieces 12 from a stack of spare secondary flat wall pieces 12 disposed on a mobile platform 56 adjacent to the corresponding second store of flat wall pieces 42 and deposit them in an upper position of the stack of secondary flat wall pieces 12 arranged in the second store of flat wall pieces 42.
The base flat part store 41 of the base flat part loader 11 is arranged adjacent to one of the second flat wall part stores 42. Thus, the same second automatic manipulator 47 that feeds this second flat wall part store. 42 takes flat base pieces 11 from a stack flat base spare parts 11 disposed on a mobile platform (not shown) located adjacent to the corresponding second store of flat wall pieces 42 and deposits them in an upper position of the stack of pieces flat base 11 arranged in the flat base part store 41. Alternatively, the mobile platform on which the stack is arranged
of flat base parts 11 may be located adjacent to the flat base parts store 41.
In the second embodiment illustrated in Fig. 31, the mobile platforms 56 on which the stacks of flat wall pieces 13 and spare secondary wall flat pieces 12 are arranged are pallets capable of being manipulated by a forklift, although alternatively they could be mobile platforms or other mobile platforms.
Thus, in the apparatus of the second embodiment, the loading of flat base pieces 11, flat wall pieces 13 and secondary flat wall pieces 12 to their respective warehouses 10 of flat base pieces 41, first flat wall parts stores 43 and second stores of flat wall pieces 42 is performed automatically by the first and second automatic manipulators 46, 47.

权利要求:
Claims (32)
[1]
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1. - Flat base piece for container formation, comprising:
• a flat base (1) in the form of a polygon with an even number of sides that include first alternate base edges (1a) interspersed between alternate second base edges (1b);
• a plurality of wall panels (3) extending from the first alternate base edges (1a) of the flat base (1);
said flat base piece being inscribable in a quadrangular perimeter (9), and said plurality of wall panels (3) being foldable with respect to said flat base (1) by said first alternate base edges (1a) and adhering to a body tubular polygonal cross-section, or adhering around it, to obtain a container reinforced by its base;
characterized by:
• said flat piece is obtained from a plurality of different flat pieces joined together by adhesive by means of fixing fins (6) arranged in said first alternate base edges (1a) forming a composite flat piece (50) of base;
• said quadrangular perimeter (9) where the composite flat piece (50) of base is inscribed has at least one side length greater than 120 cm.
[2]
2. - Flat piece according to claim 1 wherein the surface of the base composite flat piece (50) occupies at most 80% of the surface of its corresponding quadrangular perimeter (9).
[3]
3. - Flat piece according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the flat base has an octagon shape, and / or wherein the first base edges (1a) are longer than the second base edges (1b).
[4]
4. - Flat base piece according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein at least half of the wall panels (3) arranged alternately are integrated into flat wall pieces (13) further comprising wall flaps ( 4) extending from lateral edges (3b) of the wall panels (3) perpendicular to the first alternate base edges (1a), each of the wall flaps (4) being foldable with respect to said
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wall panel (3) by said lateral edges (3b) and adherent to said polygonal shaped tubular body to obtain a reinforced container.
[5]
5. - Flat base piece according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein at least half of the wall panels (3) arranged alternately are integrated into flat wall pieces (13) further comprising flaps of reinforcement (4a) extending from lateral edges (3b) perpendicular to the first alternate side (1a), each of the reinforcement flaps (4a) being foldable with respect to said flat piece by said lateral edges (3b) and adhering in overlapping other walls (3) and / or their corresponding wall flaps (4) to obtain a reinforced container in continuity throughout its perimeter.
[6]
6. - Flat base piece according to claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein a plurality of secondary wall panels (2) extending from the second alternate base edges (1b) of the base panel (1), formed of parts independent secondary wall planes (12) that optionally include fixing fins (6), and attached by adhesive to said flat base
(1) by said second alternate base edges (1b) by means of the fixing fins (6).
[7]
7. - Flat base piece according to claim 6, wherein at least the wall panels (3) are integrated into flat wall pieces (13) and / or at least the secondary wall panels
(2) they are integrated into flat pieces of secondary wall (12), said flat wall pieces (13) and / or said flat pieces of secondary wall (12) further comprising reinforcement flaps (4a) extending from edges lateral (3b) perpendicular to the alternate side (1a, 1b) of the corresponding flat wall piece (13) and / or secondary flat wall piece (12), each of the reinforcing flaps (4a) being foldable with respect to said flat piece by said lateral edges (3b) and adherent in superposition to other walls (3) and / or other secondary walls (2) to obtain a reinforced container in continuity throughout its perimeter.
[8]
8. - Flat base piece according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each of said flat pieces is a corrugated cardboard or plastic sheet provided with inner grooves, and wherein at least part of the different cardboard or plastic sheets corrugated adhered to each other that make up the flat composite piece (50) of base are arranged being the inner grooves of at least one of the flat pieces constituting the flat composite piece (50) of base oriented in a direction different from the orientation of the internal grooves of the remaining flat pieces constituting the flat composite part (50) of base.
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[9]
9. - Flat base piece according to claim 8 wherein each flat piece has its respective inner grooves arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first alternate side (1a) to which it joins the base piece (11), allowing to obtain a container with a perimeter reinforcement with walls whose grooves are aligned with the vertical with respect to the ground.
[10]
10. - Flat base piece according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 above, wherein the flat base (1) is selected from:
• a single single base piece (11) separated from the plurality of flat wall pieces (13) and attached thereto by adhesive, or
• a single flat piece that also integrates a wall panel (3) into the same flat piece, separated from the remaining flat wall pieces (13) and attached thereto by adhesive; or
• a single flat piece that also integrates two opposite wall panels (3) in the same flat piece, separated from the remaining flat wall pieces (13) and attached thereto by adhesive; or
• a composite base part (11) formed by the at least partial overlap and adhesion with respect to each other of said fixing fins (6) integrated in the flat wall pieces (13).
[11]
11. - Flat base piece according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the flat base (1) is selected from:
• a single single base piece (11) separated from the plurality of flat wall pieces (13) and from the plurality of secondary flat wall pieces (12), and attached thereto by adhesive, or
• a single flat piece that also integrates a wall panel (3) into the same flat piece, separated from the remaining flat wall pieces (13) and the remaining secondary flat wall pieces (12) and attached to them by means of adhesive; or
• a single flat piece that also integrates two opposite wall panels (3) in the same flat piece, separated from the remaining flat wall pieces (13) and from the remaining secondary flat wall pieces (12) and attached thereto by adhesive; or
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• is a composite flat part formed by the at least partial superposition and adhesion of said fixing fins (6) of the flat wall pieces (13) and / or of said fixing fins (6) of the flat wall pieces secondary (12) with respect to each other.
[12]
12. - Reinforced container comprising a tubular body (61) of polygonal cross section with an even number of faces that include alternate first faces (60a) interspersed between alternate second faces (60b), defining a base mouth and an upper mouth open and opposite, and a flat base piece whose development is inscribable in a quadrangular perimeter (9), said flat base piece comprising:
• a flat base (1) in the form of a polygon with an even number of sides that include first alternate base edges (1a) interspersed between second alternate base edges (1b) in correspondence with the respective first alternate faces (60a) and second alternate faces (60b) of the tubular body (61), said flat base (1) being coincident with said base mouth, obstructing it;
• a plurality of wall panels (3) extending at an angle from the first alternate base edges (1a) of the flat base (1) to which they are attached, and overlapping at least a portion of the first faces alternate (60a) adjacent to the base mouth, said wall panels (3) adhered to said tubular body (61) or joined together around it providing a container reinforced by its base;
characterized because
• said flat piece is obtained from a plurality of different flat pieces joined together by adhesive by means of fixing fins (6) arranged in said first alternate base edges (1a) forming a composite flat piece (50) of base;
• said quadrangular perimeter (9) where the development of the flat composite piece (50) of base is inscribed has at least one side length greater than 120 cm.
[13]
13. - Reinforced container according to claim 12 wherein the composite base piece (50) of base is in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 11 above.
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[14]
14. - Reinforced container according to claim 12 or 13 wherein the tubular body (61) and the flat composite piece (50) of the base are composed of corrugated cardboard or plastic sheets provided with interior grooves, and wherein the wall panels ( 3) they are fixed on the tubular body (61) leaving the direction of the grooves of the wall panels (3) parallel to the direction of the grooves of the tubular body (61) or the direction of the grooves of the wall panels remaining (3) perpendicular to the direction of the grooves of the tubular body (61).
[15]
15. - Reinforced container according to claim 12, 13 or 14 wherein the wall panels (2, 3) have a length of at least 33% or at least 50% or at least 75% of the distance separating the two mouths of the tubular body (61), leaving an upper portion of the faces of the bare tubular body devoid of reinforcing wall panels (2, 3).
[16]
16. - Reinforced container according to claim 15, wherein the container includes an upper lid of polygonal cross-section provided with a perimeter tubular wall fitted tightly in the upper portion of the uncovered tubular body lacking wall panels (2, 3) of reinforcement.
[17]
17. - Reinforced container according to any one of the preceding claims 12 to 16, wherein the base of the container is adhered on a pallet.
[18]
18. - Apparatus for the production of composite flat pieces (50) with a base characterized in that it includes:
• a support surface (20);
• a plurality of flat-piece loaders, including at least some flat-wall wall loaders (13), distributed around a convergence area of the support surface (20) and oriented to supply the flat pieces arranged parallel to the support surface (20) in convergent directions towards the convergence area,
• one or more adhesive application devices that deposit an adhesive over selected areas of the flat parts supplied by the flat part magazines;
• a positioning device located in said convergence area provided with stops (26) arranged to position at least each flat wall piece (13)
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provided in a predefined position in relation to the said convergence area;
• a treadmill device (24) comprising a chassis (25) located on the convergence area and provided with a reciprocating motion in a direction perpendicular to the support surface (20), and provided with some treadmills (27) provided for exert pressure on selected areas of the flat pieces located in the convergence area.
[19]
19. - Apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said plurality of flat-piece loaders also include loaders of secondary side-wall flat pieces (12), distributed around an area of convergence of the support surface (20) in alternate interposed positions. between the loaders of flat wall pieces (13) and oriented to supply the flat pieces arranged parallel to the support surface (20) in convergent directions towards the convergence area,
[20]
20. - Apparatus according to claim 18 or 19 wherein said plurality of flat-piece loaders also include a loader of flat base parts (11), distributed around the convergence area of the support surface (20) and oriented to supply the flat piece arranged parallel to the support surface (20) in a convergent direction towards the convergence area.
[21]
21. - Apparatus according to claim 18, 19 or 20 wherein the positioning device is integrated in said chassis (25), their respective stops (26) being retractable in a guided manner with respect to the chassis (25) in a direction perpendicular to the surface of support (20).
[22]
22. - Apparatus according to claim 18, 19 or 20 wherein the positioning device is integrated in said chassis (25), said treadmills (27) being movable in a guided manner with respect to the chassis (25) in a direction perpendicular to the support surface (20) by means of actuators (30) between a waiting position and a pressure position.
[23]
23. - Apparatus according to any one of claims 18 to 22 above, wherein at least some of the stops (26) of the positioning device (24) are adjustable stops (32) movable and suitable for fixing in different positions relative to along some stop guides (35).
[24]
24. - Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims 18 to 22, wherein the treadmills (27) do not cover those areas of the convergence area occupied by the stops (26) of the positioning device (24).
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[25]
25. - Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims 18 to 24, wherein the fixed stops (26) of the positioning device comprise walls perpendicular to the support surface (20) and oriented in radial directions relative to a central axis of the device positioner
[26]
26. - Apparatus according to claim 23, wherein the treadmills (27) do not cover those areas of the convergence area occupied by the stops (26) of the positioning device (24), and include openings coinciding with the areas where the stop guides ( 35) allow to position the adjustable stops (32).
[27]
27. - Apparatus according to claim 22, wherein the treadmills (27) are connected to guide bars (28) movable in a guided manner with respect to the chassis (25), and the actuators (30) have a base part (30a) fixed to the chassis (25) and an extensible part (30b) fixed to the guide bars (28).
[28]
28. - Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims 18 to 27, wherein the chassis (25) of the treadmill device (24) is fixed to a first end of a drive rod (36) which is guided with respect to a structure (37) of the apparatus by a guiding device perpendicular to the support surface (20) and moved by a drive mechanism actuated by an actuator (38) between a separate position and an operating position.
[29]
29. - Apparatus according to claim 28, wherein the drive mechanism comprises a lever (51) having a first end connected to the structure (37) by a first articulation pin (39) parallel to the support surface (20). ), a second end connected to an extensible part (38b) of the actuator (38) by a second articulation pin (40) parallel to the support surface (20), and an intermediate part disposed between a roller (44) and a Pressure pin (45) parallel to the support surface (20) mounted on a second end of the drive rod (36), and where the actuator (38) has a base part (38a) connected to the structure (37) by a third articulation pin (41b) parallel to the support surface (20).
[30]
30. - Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims 18 to 29, wherein the flat wall part loaders (23) comprise respective flat wall part stores (43), each of which houses a stack of parts flat walls (13), and respective dragging devices that drag the flat wall pieces (13) along guides towards the convergence area from a position
bottom of the respective batteries until they stop with the fixed stops (26) of the positioning device.
[31]
31. - Apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the flat wall chargers
Secondary (22) comprise respective stores of flat wall pieces
5 secondary (42), each of which houses a stack of flat wall pieces
secondary (12), and respective dragging devices that drag the secondary flat wall pieces (12) along guides towards the convergence area from a lower position of the respective piles until they meet the stops (26) ).
[32]
32. - Apparatus according to claim 20, wherein the loader of flat base parts (21)
10 comprises a warehouse of flat base parts (41), which houses a stack of parts
base planes (11), and a dragging device that draws the flat base pieces (11) along guides from a lower position of the stack to a predetermined position in the convergence area.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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ES2653920B1|2018-11-14|

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优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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ES201600665A|ES2653920B1|2016-08-09|2016-08-09|Flat base piece, production apparatus and reinforced container produced with said flat piece|ES201600665A| ES2653920B1|2016-08-09|2016-08-09|Flat base piece, production apparatus and reinforced container produced with said flat piece|